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Acceptability of bread supplemented with yeast extract to consumers
(Acta Agriculturae Serbica, 2022-02-01) Filipović, Vladimir; Filipović, Jelena; Petković, Marko; Pezo, Lato; Košutić, Milenko; Vučurović, Vesna
A new type of functional food products – bread supplemented with yeast extract – was developed and optimized. In the next product development phase, samples of bread with yeast extract were tasted and evaluated by 536 randomly selected consumers, and their acceptability was analyzed. The survey results showed that consumers in all groups had a high level of awareness about the importance of product labeling and the impact of food on health, while low requirements for special diets. Bread sensory characteristics were highly acceptable, while the final price of bread with yeast extract was 20% higher than regular bread. Correspondence analysis showed differentiation among categories of consumers and their responses. Despite the high importance of product price and lack of proper marketing, there was a high level of consumers’ willingness to change their current bread, and buy this new type
Addition of Combinedly Dehydrated Peach to the Cookies—Technological Quality Testing and Optimization
(Foods, 2022-04-27) Filipović, Vladimir; Lončar, Biljana; Filipović, Jelena; Nićetin, Milica; Knežević, Violeta; Šergelj, Vanja; Košutić, Milenko; Bodroža Solarov, Marija
Peach dehydrated by a combined method of osmodehydration and lyophilization is characterized by upgraded dehydration effectiveness and enhanced chemical and mineral matter content, and as such, is an interesting material to be applied to the cookies’ formulation. Incorporation of this material requires testing and optimization of the addition level from the aspect of overall technological quality in order to obtain a new cookie product. Obtained cookie samples with different levels of dehydrated peach addition were subjected to the nutritive and technology quality parameters testing. Cookies’ chemical, mineral matter, and phenolic compounds content, the antioxidative activity of nutritive parameters, and the physical, technological, textural, colour, and sensory characteristics of technological parameters were investigated. Obtained results showed that the addition of especially higher levels of dehydrated peach enhanced all nutritive, while simultaneously decreased most of the technological quality parameters. The statistical method of Z-score analysis was used to calculate the optimal level of dehydrated peach addition to the cookie formulation for obtaining the highest nutritive enrichment without excessive technological quality deterioration. The optimal addition of osmodehydrated and lyophilized peach to the cookie formulation was determined to be 15%.
Adhesion of Candida spp. and Pichia spp. to wooden surfaces
(Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia, 2017-03) Tomičić, Ružica; Tomičić, Zorica; Raspor, Peter
Yeast adhesion to and biofilm formation on surfaces is present in many different environments. In food industry, biofilms may be a source of contaminations, causing food spoilage and reducing quality of products. Candida and Pichia are two common yeast genera involved in the spoilage of some food products. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of Candida and Pichia species to adhere to two types of wooden surfaces (smooth and rough), one of the materials typical for the food processing industry, and investigate the influence of surface roughness of wood on the degree of yeast adhesion. The adhesion of the cells to the wooden surfaces was determined by rinsing them from the surface, followed by methylene blue staining, and quantification after imaging under microscope by automatic counting of viable cells. The results showed that all Candida and Pichia strains were able to adhere to the wooden surfaces in a species- and strain-dependent manner. On the other hand, our data indicated that adhesion by these yeasts was not significantly affected by the roughness of the wood surfaces.
Aflatoxins contamination of maize in Serbia: The impact of weather conditions in 2015
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-07-11) Janić Hajnal, Elizabet; Kos, Jovana; Krulj, Jelena; Krstović, Saša; Jajić, Igor; Pezo, Lato; Šarić, Bojana; Nedeljković, Nataša
In recent years climate changes recorded in temperate regions of Europe have led to aflatoxin (AF) contamination of maize. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of weather conditions on levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in 180 maize samples collected from the main maize-growing regions (Western Bačka, North Banat, South Banat and Central Serbia) in Serbia after harvest in 2015. The concentrations of AFs were determined by a validated HPLC method with post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The presence of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 was detected in 57.2%, 13.9%, 5.6% and 2.8% of maize samples in the concentration ranges of 1.3–88.8 µg kg–1, 0.60–2.8 µg kg–1, 1.8–28.5 µg kg–1 and 2.1–7.5 µg kg–1 respectively. The recorded smaller amount of precipitation and especially higher air temperatures during the summer of 2015 were favourable for AF production, which resulted in 32.2% and 21.1% of samples being unsuitable for human consumption, since AFB1 and the sum of AFs concentrations were above 5.0 and 10.0 µg kg–1 respectively. Furthermore, the findings in this study indicate that the microclimate conditions in the investigated regions had a great influence on the contamination frequency of maize with AFs. The highest percentage of samples unsuitable for human consumption, considering both AFB1 and total AFs content were 72.5% and 51.5% respectively from Central Serbia, whilst the lowest percentages of 15.6% and 6.2% respectively were found in Western Bačka. These findings confirmed that maize should be continuously monitored in order to protect human and animal health from the harmful effects caused by AFs contamination.
Aflatoxins in Maize from Serbia and Croatia: Implications of Climate Change
(MDPI, 2023-01-26) Pleadin, Jelka; Kos, Jovana; Radić, Bojana; Vulić, Ana; Kudumija, Nina; Radović, Radmila; Janić Hajnal, Elizabet; Mandić, Anamarija; Anić, Mislav
Aflatoxins (AFs) represent the most important mycotoxin group, whose presence in food and feed poses significant global health and economic issues. The occurrence of AFs in maize is a burning problem worldwide, mainly attributed to droughts. In recent years, Serbia and Croatia faced climate changes followed by a warming trend. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the influence of weather on AFs occurrence in maize from Serbia and Croatia in the 2018–2021 period. The results indicate that hot and dry weather witnessed in the year 2021 resulted in the highest prevalence of AFs in maize samples in both Serbia (84%) and Croatia (40%). In maize harvested in 2018–2020, AFs occurred in less than, or around, 10% of Serbian and 20% of Croatian samples. In order to conduct a comprehensive study on the implications of climate change for the occurrence of AFs in maize grown in these two countries, the results of available studies performed in the last thirteen years were searched for and discussed
Analysis of antioxidant potential of fruit and vegetable juices available in Serbian markets
(Sage Science Press (UK), 2023) Šeregelj, Vanja; Tumbas Šaponjac, Vesna; Pezo, Lato; Kojić, Jovana; Cvetković, Biljana; Ilić, Nebojša
Antioxidants in fruit and vegetable juices have become increasingly popular because of their potential health benefits. Nowadays, juice mixes made from berries present frequent consumer choices, due to their nutritive value and high content of bioactive compounds. Commercial fruit and vegetable juices available in Serbian markets (n = 32) were analyzed for the physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity. Relative antioxidant capacity index was used for the ranking of the juices according to antioxidant capacity, while antioxidant effectiveness of phenolic compounds contained in juice samples was investigated depending on phenolic antioxidant coefficients. Principal component analysis was applied to study the data structure. In addition, a multi-layer perceptron model was used for modeling an artificial neural network model (ANN) for prediction antioxidant activity (DPPH, reducing power, and ABTS) based on total phenolic, total pigments, and vitamin C content. The obtained ANN showed good prediction capabilities (the r2 values during training cycle for output variables were 0.942). Phenolic, pigments, and vitamin C contents showed a positive correlation with the investigated antioxidant activity. The consumption of commercial berry fruit juices available in Serbian markets may deliver great health benefits through the supply of natural antioxidants.
Analysis of betaine levels in cereals, pseudocereals and their products
(ELSEVIER, 2017-10) Kojić, Jovana; Krulj, Jelena; Ilić, Nebojša; Lončar, Eva; Pezo, Lato; Mandić, Anamarija; Bodroža Solarov, Marija
Betaine has a range of health benefits and therefore has been recommended as a functional ingredient in dietary supplements. The main dietary sources of betaine are processed grains such as bread, biscuits, cereals, pasta and similar products. This study describes analysis of 54 samples of cereals and pseudocereals for betaine content by using HPLC – ELSD method. By using this approach betaine levels were identified, quantified and compared. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between analyzed samples (from
ANALYSIS OF MASS TRANSFER RATE AND EFFICIENCY OF OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION OF WILD GARLIC
(Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 2022-09-19) Nićetin, Milica; Lončar, Biljana; Filipović, Vladimir; Cvetković, Biljana; Filipović, Jelena; Knežević, Violeta; Pezo, Lato
The availability period of fresh wild garlic is very limited, only during the spring season. After harvest, the leaves quickly lose their sensory, nutritious and functional properties. The stability and availability of this valuable herb material can be extended by adequate drying technique. The aim was to evaluate the influence of used osmotic solution, process duration, temperature and mixing on the mass transfer rate and the efficiency of process on wild garlic. The paper describes a study of osmotic dehydration of wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) in sugar beet molasses and aqueous solution of sodium chloride and sucrose, at three different temperatures (20, 35, and 50 0C), with and without manual stirring in every 15 minutes. For this purpose, rate of water loss-RWL, rate of solid gain - RSG, rate of weight reduction - RWR and dehydration efficiency index - EI, were determined after 1, 2.5, and 4 hours of dehydration. In order to follow the mass transfer during the process, three key process variables were measured: moisture content, change in weight and change in dry matter, in accordance with Official Methods of Analysis (AOAC). Based on the obtained parameters RWL, RSG, RWR and EI were calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to separate the samples according to the process parameters and characterize the observed samples. Higher values of the observed parameters was achieved when the process was performed with agitation. Mass transfer was the most intensive at the beginning of the process, at temperature of 50 0C. RWL, RSG, RWR and EI decreased continuously from the first to the fourth hour, and after 2.5 hours showed a tendency to slow down. The highest value of EI was obtained by using molasses as osmotic solution, at 20 C, after 2.5 hours of process, performed with agitation (5.59), and without agitation (5.27), which was also observed on the PCA biplot. Mass transfer was the most intensive at the beginning of the process, decreased continuously from the first to the fourth hour, and after 2.5 hours showed a tendency to slow down. Therefore, processing time can be limited to 2.5 hours.
Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
(MDPI, 2022-12-09) Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara; Stupar, Alena; Stevanović, Dušan; Škrobot, Dubravka; Maravić, Nikola; Tomić, Jelena; Hadnađev, Miroslav
This study aimed to determine the impact of ancient wheat varieties (emmer, spelt and khorasan) and spontaneous sourdough fermentation on the bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and the DPPH antioxidant capacity evolution during breadmaking and in vitro digestion. Sourdough and yeast-fermented modern wheat breads were used as controls. After 6 h of fermentation, the total titrable acidity of the sourdough increased from 139 to 167%. The wheat variety, type of fermentation and processing affected TPC, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility. Antioxidant activity and TPC were reduced by dough mixing, increased after sourdough fermentation and slightly decreased or remained the same after baking. Although wheat flour had the highest TPC, the modeling of TPC kinetic revealed that emmer and spelt sourdough exhibited a higher bound phenolics release rate due to the higher acidity, which contributed to increased phenolics solubility. Although wheat bread, both before and after digestion, had the lowest TPC, especially the one prepared with yeast, high TPC bioaccessibilities and antioxidant activities after the digestion suggested that, except phenolics, digestion process improved the release of additional compounds with different bioaccessibility and biological activity. The results of this study proved that the application of sourdough fermentation can increase the potential of ancient wheats in the developing of functional bakery products.
Animal by-products for feed: characteristics, European regulatory framework, and potential impacts on human and animal health and the environment
(Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2016-08-25) Jedrejek, Dariusz; Lević, Jovanka; Wallace, John; Oleszek, Wieslaw
Animal by-products (ABPs), such as processed animal proteins, animal fats, milk and egg products, and former food products represent a potentially valuable resource for feeding livestock. According to Europe’s authorities, around 18 million t of animal fat and meat industry by-products arise annually in the European Union (EU) from slaughterhouses, dairies and plants producing food for human consumption. Another 8 to 12 million t emerge every year as former foodstuffs. Recycling of slaughter by-products and other animal products, sometimes considered as waste materials, into animal feed can bring major benefits to the economics of livestock production and the environment in the EU. Nevertheless, improper and unregulated use of ABPs and food waste, as could be noticed from a number of food crises in the recent past, have a strong public health and economic impact. For a safety reasons most ABP materials have been subject to severe restrictions in their use for feed farm animals in the EU. However, due to the decreasing risk of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, important positive changes of animal by-product processing industry in Europe and developing validated diagnostic methods to test for species-specific material in feed, the European Commission started to reform these stringent rules, thus non-ruminant processed animal proteins has been authorized in aqua feed starting from 1 June 2013. The aim of this review was to describe the status of ABPs in the feed industry, to identify new opportunities, and to place these residue materials in the framework of the EU legislation for safety.
Anti-inflammatory activity of grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta Schum) extract
(American Chemical Society, 2014-10-29) Ilić, Nebojša; Dey, Moul; Poulev, Alexander A.; Logendra, Sithes; Kuhn, Peter E.; Raskin, Ilya
The ethanolic extract of grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta Schum, Zingiberaceae) has been evaluated for inhibitory activity on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, in vivo for the anti-inflammatory activity and expression of several pro-inflammatory genes. Bioactivity-guided fractionation showed that the most active COX-2 inhibitory compound in the extract was [6]-paradol. [6]-Shogaol, another compound from the extract, was the most active inhibitory compound in pro-inflammatory gene expression assays. In a rat paw edema model, the whole extract reduced inflammation by 49% at 1000 mg/kg. Major gingerols from the extract [6]-paradol, [6]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol reduced inflammation by 20, 25 and 38%. respectively when administered individually at a dose of 150 mg/kg. [6]-Shogaol efficacy was at the level of aspirin, used as a positive control. Grains of paradise extract has demonstrated an anti-inflammatory activity, which is in part due to the inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity and expression of pro-inflammatory genes.
Antibacterial activity of donkey’s milk against clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae
(Croatian Dairy Union, Croatia, 2022) Šarić, Ljubiša; Pezo, Lato; Krulj, Jelena; Plavšić, Dragana; Jovanov, Pavle; Matić, Milana
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of raw donkey milk toward the clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae at 9, 15 and 38 °C as well as to clarify the role of lysozyme, lactoferrin and calcium content in the antibacterial activity of donkey’s milk. The effects of contamination level and incubation period on this antibacterial activity were also examined. Antibacterial assays were performed by determing the bacterial count in intentionally contaminated (102, 103, 104 cfu/mL) donkey milk samples during 8 and 96 hours. Lab-on-a-chip electrophoresis and atomic absorption spectrometry were used for the determination of lysozyme, lactoferrin and calcium contents in donkey milk, respectively. The donkey milk samples showed varying degrees of antibacterial activity against the tested strain K. pneumoniae. The antibacterial synergism of lysozyme and lactoferrin was proven for this clinical strain as the samples with higher lactoferrin amount showed a stronger antibacterial activity. The correlation between calcium content and antibacterial activity of donkey milk samples was not established. Donkey milk showed stronger antibacterial potential at 15 °C compared to 9 °C, but this was limited by a higher growth rate of K. pneumoniae at 15 °C. The higher level of contamination resulted in a faster consumption of the antibacterial capacity of donkey milk. The artificial neural network model for prediction of K. pneumoniae count gave acurate fit to experimental data, showing a reasonably good (overall r2 for donkey milk was 0.986, with training error 4.67∙10-4, while r2 for nutrient broth was 0.982 and training error was 0.002).
Antibacterial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Foodborne Pathogens and Their Application in Fresh Turkey Sausages
(MDPI, 2023-01-16) Šojić, Branislav; Ikonić, Predrag; Kocić Tanackov, Sunčica; Peulić, Tatjana; Teslić, Nemanja; Županjac, Miloš; Lončarević, Ivana; Zeković, Zoran; Popović, Milica; Vidaković, Stefan; Pavlić, Branimir
Essential oils (EOs) isolated from different plant materials, namely Origanum majorana L., Satureja hortensis L., and Satureja montana L. (OMEO, SHEO, and SMEO, respectively), were used in fresh turkey sausage processing. The chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial potential of selected EOs and their mixture were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes) ranged in the interval of 0.44–7.1 µL/mL. Fresh turkey sausages were produced with EOs addition and marked as follows: TOMEO—0.150 µL/g OMEO; TSHEO—0.150 µL/g SHEO; TSMEO—0.150 µL/g SMEO; TEOM—0.050 µL/g OMEO, 0.050 µL/g SHEO and 0.050 µL/g SMEO, and control (C) (without EOs). Microbiological profile and biogenic amines content in fresh turkey sausages were recorded during storage. The selected EOs and their mixture efficiently reduced bacterial growth and biogenic amines formation and accumulation. The lowest Enterobacteriaceae count and total biogenic amine (BA) concentration were determined through treatment TSHEO. The results of this study show that selected EOs could be useful in fresh turkey sausage processing in order to improve safety and shelf-life.
Antibacterial Potential ofAllium ursinumExtract Prepared bythe Green Extraction Method
(MDPI, 2022-07-06) Stupar, Alena; Šarić, Ljubiša; Vidović, Senka; Bajić, Aleksandra; Kolarov, Violeta; Šarić, Bojana
The antimicrobial activity of Allium ursinum aqueous extract prepared using high pressure extraction was evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of A. ursinum extract for six bacterial pathogens were determined using the broth macrodilution method. Although the A. ursinum extract was shown to be effective toward all investigated foodborne bacteria, its antimicrobial activity depended on its concentration and bacterial strain. Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive to antimicrobial activity of A. ursinum extract among all tested pathogens. Accordingly, the lowest MIC and MBC of A. ursinum extract were determined for L. monocytogenes (28 and 29 mg/mL). The tested extract showed a similar antimicrobial potential to other examined bacterial strains (Salmonella Enteritidis, Proteus hauseri, Enterococcus faecalis and two strains of Escherichia coli) with MIC and MBC values at concentrations of 29 and 30 mg/mL, respectively. The dependence of the antimicrobial activity of the A. ursinum extract on the level of contamination of tested pathogens was also observed. The increase in the contamination level caused an intense reduction in antibacterial potential of the A. ursinum extract. The composition of the A. ursinum extract was analyzed and found to be a good source of polyphenols and sulfur compounds. However, considering the applied extraction method and the HPLC analysis of bioactive compounds, the antimicrobial potential may be attributed more to polyphenol content. The obtained results that the extracts have shown toward food pathogens open the possibility of using the tested extracts as natural additives in a variety of food products.
Antifungal and anti-adhesion activity of plant extracts and essential oils against Candida spp. and Pichia spp.
(Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2022-02-18) Tomičić, Zorica; Tomičić, Ružica; Smole Možina, Sonja; Bucar, Franz; Turek, Ivana; Raspor, Peter
The use of natural antifungal agents has gained much attention to extend shelf-life, increase the safety of food products in the food industry and inhibit disease-causing microorganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and anti-adhesion potential of 15 plant extract, essential oils and chemical compounds against Candida spp. and Pichia spp. Susceptibility tests indicated that essential oils of Cinnamomum verum and Origanum vulgare had the highest inhibitory effect. For most extracts and essential oils examined, Pichia membranifaciens ZIM 2417 was the most sensitive yeast, while Candida glabrata ZIM 2369 proved to be the least sensitive one. Anti-adhesion ability of the plant extracts and essential oils against C. glabrata ZIM 2369 was estimated by the standard crystal violet assay. The results showed that the essential oils of C. verum, O.vulgare, Satureja montana and Thymus vulgaris possessed promising activity against the initial phase of biofilm formation and the pre-formed 24 h biofilm of C. glabrata. On the other hand, Sedum roseum extract showed the strongest anti-adhesion effect. Results of this study support the use of plant extracts, essential oils and their biologically active components against C. glabrata.
Antimicrobial activity of sour cherry
(TEKNOSCIENZE, 2016-01) Krstić, Tamara; Suvajdžić, Ljiljana; Stojanović, Srđan; Crvenković-Lozanov, Zagorka; Dejanović, Jadranka; Čabarkapa, Ivana; Velhner, Maja; Stefanović, Vladana
Sour cherry is a plant traditionally used as food. Its health care potency has been discovered recently. In this study, we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of sour cherry towards different pathogens by micro dilution method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The chemical composition of dried juice and ethanol extract was determined by High performance liquid chromatography method. Results showed that juice and extract exhibit antibacterial activity, but have no antifungal and antialgal activity against tested pathogens. In terms of break point, better results were obtained against Gram positive bacteria. Rhodococcus equi was the most susceptible specie to both juice and extract. Juice showed better results to: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sallmonela Typhymurium and Acinetobacter lwoffi, but for all other investigated species extract showed superior activity.
Antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of fruiting bodies of the wild-growing king bolete mushroom, Boletus edulis (Agaricomycetes), from Western Serbia
(Begell House, 2017-01) Novaković, Aleksandra; Karaman, Maja; Kaišarević, Sonja; Radusin, Tanja; Ilić, Nebojša
The aim of this work was to study the bioactivity of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Boletus edulis prepared from caps and stipes of wild-growing basidiocarps collected from the Prijepolje region (western Serbia). The bioactivity screening included antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], nitric oxide, super-oxide anion*, and hydroxyl radicals and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and antiproliferative MTT assays (human breast MCF-7 cancer cell line). In addition, all extracts were primarily characterized by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry to determine total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The highest anti-DPPH and anti-hydroxyl radical activity were observed in aqueous B. edulis extract from the caps (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 50.97 μg/ mL and 2.05 μg/mL, respectively), whereas the highest anti-nitric oxide radical activity was observed in aqueous B. edulis extract from the stipes (IC50 = 10.74 μg/mL). The ethanolic extract obtained from the mushroom stipe showed higher anti-superoxide anion radical activity (IC50 = 9.84 μg/mL) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (22.14 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g dry weight) compared with aqueous extracts. Total phenolic content for all extracts was similar but total flavonoid content was significantly higher in the aqueous B. edulis extract from the caps (4.5 mg quercetin equivalents/g dry weight). All crude extracts showed activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with the ethanolic extract of B. edulis prepared from stipes (IC50 = 56 μg/mL) being the most potent. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the antiproliferative effects of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from caps and stipes of wild-growing basidiocarps of B. edulis on the human breast MCF-7 cancer cell line.
Antioxidant and physicochemical properties of hydrogen peroxide-treated sugar beet dietary fibre
(WILEY, 2016-05) Mišan, Aleksandra; Sakač, Marijana; Medić, Đorđe; Tadić, Vanja; Marković, Goran; Gyura, Julliana; Pagano, Ester; Izzo, Angelo A.; Borrelli, Francesca; Šarić, Bojana; Milovanović, Ivan; Milić, Nataša
The aim of the present work was to examine if hydrogen peroxide treatment of sugar beet fibre that aimed at improving its physicochemical properties would impair its antioxidant potential. Three different sugar beet fibres were obtained from sugar beet – non-treated fibre (NTF) from sugar beet cossettes extracted with sulphurous acid, treated fibre (TF) from NTF treated with hydrogen peroxide in alkaline solution and commercially available Fibrex®. The antioxidant activity of extractable and non-extractable fibre fractions in ethanol/water mixture (80:20, v/v) of three fibre samples was estimated. Non-extractable fractions obtained after alkaline treatment of investigated fibres were much higher in phenolic compounds and possessed higher antioxidant potential than extractable fractions. Ferulic acid was proven to be the dominant phenolic acid. Regarding both extractable and non-extractable fractions, Fibrex® had the highest antioxidant activity in chemical tests, while NTF was superior in comparison with TF. Based on the results of Caco-2 cells-based test, all non-extractable fractions possessed potential for reactive oxygen species inhibition. Regarding the extractable fractions, only the TF manifested this effect.
Antioxidant capacity of cookies with non-modified and modified sugar beet fibers: chemometric and statistical analysis
(SPRINGER, 2017-02) Šoronja-Simović, Dragana; Maravić, Nikola; Šereš, Zita; Mišan, Aleksandra; Pajin, Biljana; Jevrić, Lidija; Podunavac-Kuzmanović, Sanja; Kovačević, Strahinja
Recent studies have confirmed the possibility of an insoluble material to carry out a marked antioxidant activity by a solid–liquid interaction, and in such way opened a new chapter for dietary fiber application in food industry as a functional unit with radical scavenging capacity. Therefore, this paper investigates the possibility of improving the antioxidant activity of cookies with addition of sugar beet fibers. The chemometric analysis was carried out on the experimentally obtained data of the antioxidant activity of the cookies with modified and non-modified sugar beet fibers compared to the cookies with commercially available dietary fiber (Fibrex®) produced in the Nordic Sugar A/S factory, Sweden. The hierarchical cluster analysis and the sum of ranking differences were applied. The introduction of modified and non-modified sugar beet fibers in the cookies formulation showed promising results regarding the cookies EC50 values decline compared to the control samples. Cookies with addition of modified sugar beet fibers showed the best antioxidant activity in the first 4 weeks. Cookies with Fibrex® fibers exhibited the highest antioxidant activity.
Antioxidative, Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Properties of Honey Types from the Western Balkans
(MDPI, 2022-06) Sakač, Marijana; Jovanov, Pavle; Marić, Aleksandar; Četojević-Simin, Dragana; Novaković, Aleksandra; Plavšić, Dragana; Škrobot, Dubravka; Kovač, Renata
This paper presents the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidative, antibacterial and antiproliferative effects of nineteen samples of different honey types (acacia, linden, heather, sunflower, phacelia, basil, anise, sage, chestnut, hawthorn, lavender and meadow) collected from different locations in the Western Balkans (Republic of Serbia, Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Northern Macedonia). Physicochemical parameters (moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, free acidity, and hydroxymethylfurfural [HMF]) were analysed. Based on the obtained results, all tested honey samples were in agreement with EU regulation. The antioxidant potential of honey samples was assessed by determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and evaluation of scavenging activity towards diphenilpicrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH·). The highest phenolic content was found in basil honey (101 ± 2.72 mg GAE/100 g), while the lowest was registered in rapeseed honey (11.5 ± 0.70 mg GAE/100 g). Heather, anise, phacelia, sage, chestnut and lavender honey samples were also rich in TP, containing 80–100 mg GAE/100 g. DPPH scavenging activity varied among the samples being the highest for lavender honey (IC50 = 88.2 ± 2.11 mg/mL) and the lowest for rapeseed honey (IC50 = 646 ± 8.72 mg/mL). Antibacterial activity was estimated in vitro using agar diffusion tests and measuring minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Among investigated bacterial strains following resistant potencies were determined: Escherichia coli > Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 > Enterococcus faecalis > Proteus mirabilis > Staphylococcus aureus > Staphylococcus epidermidis. The linden honey from Fruška Gora (MIC values of 3.12% and 6.25% against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively) and phacelia honey (MIC values of 6.25% and 3.12% against S. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively) showed the strongest antibacterial activity. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated using the colorimetric sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The highest antiproliferative activity was obtained from linden honey sample 1 (IC50MCF7 = 7.46 ± 1.18 mg/mL and IC50HeLa =12.4 ± 2.00 mg/mL) and meadow sample 2 (IC50MCF7 = 12.0 ± 0.57 mg/mL, IC50HeLa = 16.9 ± 1.54 mg/mL and IC50HT−29 = 23.7 ± 1.33 mg/mL) towards breast (MCF7), cervix (HeLa) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Active components other than sugars contributed to cell growth activity.

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