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Kinetics and optimization of biodiesel production from rapeseed oil over calcined waste filter cake from sugar beet processing plant

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dc.contributor.author Nježić, Zvonko
dc.contributor.author Kostić, Milan
dc.contributor.author Marić, Boško
dc.contributor.author Stamenković, Olivera
dc.contributor.author Šimurina, Olivera
dc.contributor.author Krstić, Jugoslav
dc.contributor.author Veljković, Vlada
dc.date.accessioned 2023-07-19T07:22:01Z
dc.date.available 2023-07-19T07:22:01Z
dc.date.issued 2022-10-29
dc.identifier.citation 1 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 00162361
dc.identifier.uri http://oa.fins.uns.ac.rs/handle/123456789/327
dc.description A low-cost, highly active CaO-based catalyst, the CFC catalyst, was prepared from WFC from a sugar beet processing factory. The developed CFC catalyst was used to catalyze the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol under mild reaction conditions. The rapeseed oil contains mainly unsaturated fatty acids (about 93 %), with oleic acid as the most abundant and a low free fatty acid content, allowing the direct use of the CFC catalyst in the rapeseed oil transesterification. The kinetics of the transesterification reaction was described by the simplified model combining the changing mechanism and the first-order rate law for TAGs and FAMEs, respectively. A relatively low MRPD value of only ± 7.43 % proved a good agreement between the model and the experiment for the conversion degree. The apparent reaction rate constant follows the Arrhenius equation with an activation energy of 51.9 kJ/mol. The FAME content higher than 96.5 % can be obtained in wide ranges of the catalyst amount (4–10 %) and the reaction time (about 45–70 min). The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the reaction temperature of 59.2 ◦C, the catalyst loading of 9.1 % (based on the oil weight), and the reaction time of 47 min. Therefore, WFC is a promising source of a low-cost, highly active, and environmentally-friendly CFC catalyst, which could reduce biodiesel production costs. From this point of view, this solid base catalyst has great potential for developing the process at the industrial level. However, a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of the biodiesel production process from rapeseed oil in the presenceb of the CFC catalyst should be performed to get an insight into its economic feasibility on a large scale. en_US
dc.description.abstract A low-cost, highly active CaO-based catalyst was prepared from waste filter cake (WFC) from a sugar beet processing factory by calcination in air at 900 ◦C for 2 h, referred to as the calcined filter cake (CFC). It was used to catalyze the rapeseed oil transesterification with methanol under mild reaction conditions (methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst loading of 4–10 %, and reaction temperature of 40–60 ◦C). Rapeseed oil was characterized regarding the physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile. Low free fatty acid content (about 2.0 mg KOH/g) allowed the direct use of the base CFC catalyst for rapeseed oil transesterification. Rapeseed oil has more unsaturated fatty acids (about 93 %), with oleic acid as the most abundant, than saturated fatty acids (about 7 %). A simplified model combining the changing mechanism of the reaction and the triacylglycerols mass transfer limitation successfully describes the kinetics of transesterification. A good agreement between the model and the experiment was proved by the mean relative percentage deviation for the conversion degree of only ± 7.43 % (based on 42 data). The apparent reaction rate constant follows the Arrhenius equation with the activation energy of 51.9 kJ mol− 1. The FAME content higher than 96.5 % can be obtained in wide ranges of the catalyst amount (4–10 %) and the reaction time (about 45–70 min). The following conditions were optimum: the reaction temperature of 59.2 ◦C, the catalyst loading of 9.1 % (based on the oil weight), and the reaction time of 47 min. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the Republic of Serbia – Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia, Programs for Financing Scientific Research Work, No. 451-03-68/2022-14/ 200133 (Project assigned to the Faculty of Technology, Leskovac, University of Niˇs, Research group III 45001), No. 451-03-68/2022-14/ 200026 (Project assigned to the University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy), and the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Project F-78). en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Fuel en_US
dc.rights embargoedAccess
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject Biodiesel en_US
dc.subject Calcination en_US
dc.subject Kinetic modeling en_US
dc.subject Statistical optimization en_US
dc.subject Transesterification en_US
dc.subject Waste filter cake en_US
dc.title Kinetics and optimization of biodiesel production from rapeseed oil over calcined waste filter cake from sugar beet processing plant en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.scopus 2-s2.0-85141496754
dc.identifier.wos 001016208900001
dc.identifier.doi 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126581


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