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Browsing by Author "Stupar, Alena"

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Advantages of Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) for Obtaining Functional Additives for Food Production
(German Jordanian University, 2022-06) Kljakić Cvetanović, Aleksandra; Pavlić, Branimir; Teslić, Nemanja; Stupar, Alena; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Mišan, Aleksandra
In recent decades, there has been a growing public interest in natural sources of biologically active molecules, and an increasing number of people are showing a tendency to use natural products in treatment as well as nutrition. Natural bioactive compounds in food preparations can play a multiple role, above all they can be powerful antioxidants with the ability to protect the body from free radical attacks, have a beneficial effect on strengthening the immune system, prevent many diseases and protect the body from premature aging. In addition to these effects on the body, the incorporation of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, has a beneficial effect on the quality of food. This is closely related to their antimicrobial potential, which affects the sustainability and durability of the product. Plants are a significant source of polyphenols and are obtained in significant quantities by extraction from plant material. However, bearing in mind that food products require high standards in its production and extracts with specific caractersistics, the extraction technique for this pupose should be choosen carefully. Withal, the food industry faces the challenges of sustainable production that will affect all aspects of life (economic, social and environmental) by the creation of food solutions to meet the socio-economic needs and interests of citizens, while eliminating or significantly reducing harmful impacts on the environment and natural resources. NADES solvents are the latest generation of green solvents. They can be formulated exclusively from natural ingredients such as sugars, amino acids, organic acids, etc. Which makes them edible, biodegradable and completely safe to use. Moreover, they offer „ready-to-use“ extracts, which means that they can be directly incorporated in food withought purification. In the frame of this work, extraction of polyphenols from Sambucus ebulus L. was done by three different NADES solvents prepared in the following manner: (N1) glycerol: betaine (2:1), (N2) betaine:glucose (1:1), (N3) glycerol:fructose (4:1). The ingreadiants were mixed with usig magnetic stirrer until a transparent stable liquid was obtained. Obtained liquid NADES solvents were used for the extraction and obtained extract were characterized in terms of their chemical composition as well as biological potential, in the first place antioxidant and antiradical ability. In the same time, extraction was performed using conventional (referent) technique and the obtained results were compared. The obtained results clearly showed an advantage of NADES extracts in terms of biological and chemical characteristics, but also in the stability, which justifies their further use in functional food production.
Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
(MDPI, 2022-12-09) Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara; Stupar, Alena; Stevanović, Dušan; Škrobot, Dubravka; Maravić, Nikola; Tomić, Jelena; Hadnađev, Miroslav
This study aimed to determine the impact of ancient wheat varieties (emmer, spelt and khorasan) and spontaneous sourdough fermentation on the bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and the DPPH antioxidant capacity evolution during breadmaking and in vitro digestion. Sourdough and yeast-fermented modern wheat breads were used as controls. After 6 h of fermentation, the total titrable acidity of the sourdough increased from 139 to 167%. The wheat variety, type of fermentation and processing affected TPC, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility. Antioxidant activity and TPC were reduced by dough mixing, increased after sourdough fermentation and slightly decreased or remained the same after baking. Although wheat flour had the highest TPC, the modeling of TPC kinetic revealed that emmer and spelt sourdough exhibited a higher bound phenolics release rate due to the higher acidity, which contributed to increased phenolics solubility. Although wheat bread, both before and after digestion, had the lowest TPC, especially the one prepared with yeast, high TPC bioaccessibilities and antioxidant activities after the digestion suggested that, except phenolics, digestion process improved the release of additional compounds with different bioaccessibility and biological activity. The results of this study proved that the application of sourdough fermentation can increase the potential of ancient wheats in the developing of functional bakery products.
Antibacterial Potential ofAllium ursinumExtract Prepared bythe Green Extraction Method
(MDPI, 2022-07-06) Stupar, Alena; Šarić, Ljubiša; Vidović, Senka; Bajić, Aleksandra; Kolarov, Violeta; Šarić, Bojana
The antimicrobial activity of Allium ursinum aqueous extract prepared using high pressure extraction was evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of A. ursinum extract for six bacterial pathogens were determined using the broth macrodilution method. Although the A. ursinum extract was shown to be effective toward all investigated foodborne bacteria, its antimicrobial activity depended on its concentration and bacterial strain. Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive to antimicrobial activity of A. ursinum extract among all tested pathogens. Accordingly, the lowest MIC and MBC of A. ursinum extract were determined for L. monocytogenes (28 and 29 mg/mL). The tested extract showed a similar antimicrobial potential to other examined bacterial strains (Salmonella Enteritidis, Proteus hauseri, Enterococcus faecalis and two strains of Escherichia coli) with MIC and MBC values at concentrations of 29 and 30 mg/mL, respectively. The dependence of the antimicrobial activity of the A. ursinum extract on the level of contamination of tested pathogens was also observed. The increase in the contamination level caused an intense reduction in antibacterial potential of the A. ursinum extract. The composition of the A. ursinum extract was analyzed and found to be a good source of polyphenols and sulfur compounds. However, considering the applied extraction method and the HPLC analysis of bioactive compounds, the antimicrobial potential may be attributed more to polyphenol content. The obtained results that the extracts have shown toward food pathogens open the possibility of using the tested extracts as natural additives in a variety of food products.
Biological and pharmaceutical potential of supercritical carbon-dioxide extracts of hops
(Mutah University, 2022-10) Kljakić Cvetanović, Aleksandra; Ocvik, Mila; Rutnik, Ksenija; Košir, Izstok Jože; Mašković, Pavle; Pavlić, Branimir; Radojković, Marija; Teslić, Nemanja; Stupar, Alena; Zeković, Zoran
Can Pumpkin Save us of Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity?
(Sociedad Chilena de Anatomia, 2023-02) Bosanac, Milana; Amidžić, Jelena; Stefanovic, Maja; Radic, Jelena; Kolarov-Bjelobrk, Ivana; Janicic, Stefan; Gojkovic, Zdenka; Lazić, Bojana; Đokanović, Dejan; Mišan, Aleksandra; Cvetković, Biljana; Stupar, Alena; Martic, Nikola; Andrejic-Visnjic, Bojana
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the drugs necessary for the treatment of the 10 most common types of cancer. The leading adverse effect limiting clinical use of DOX is cardiotoxicity. Given that literature data indicate a protective role of carotenoids in doxorubicin-induced toxicity, in our study we compared the cardioprotective effect of a mixture of pumpkin carotenoids and a commercially available antioxidant preparation. Animals were distributed in 8 groups (Control - S; NADES - N; Doxorubicin - Dox; Carotenoids - Car; CardiofortIN - CF; NADES-Doxorubicin - N-Dox; Carotenoids-Doxorubicin - Car-Dox; CardiofortIN-Doxorubicin - CF-Dox). Histological sections were stained with the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and analyzed for the presence of myocardial damage by doxorubicin damage score (DDS). From the heart tissue homogenate were determined the intensity of lipid peroxidation and specific antioxidative enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase; catalase; glutathione S-transferase; glutathione peroxidase). In Car-DOX and CF-DOX groups, lipid peroxidation is significantly reduced compared to DOX group. Pretreatment of animals with carotenoids and in lesser extent with CardiofortIN led to higher antioxidative enzymes activity, compared to DOX group. Pretreated with carotenoids, only 50 % of animals had some degree of myocardial damage, and no animals had extensive damage. CardiofortIN pretreatment showed less protective effect. Pretreatment with carotenoid extract, reduced DDS significantly, so Car-DOX group has changes equivalent to mild myocardial damage. Although CardiofortIN pretreatment lowered DDS score values, animals still had moderate level of myocardium damage. This in vivo study and its findings indicate that carotenoids extracted from pumpkin may be a promising cardioprotective agent against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity, at least in part mediated through inhibition of DOX-induced oxidative stress.
Characterization of films based on cellulose acetate/poly (caprolactone diol) intended for active packaging prepared by green chemistry principles
(ACS, 2022-10-28) Stupar, Alena
Biodegradable active packaging films based on a cellulose acetate and poly(caprolactone diol) blend with incorporated lemongrass oil were developed. Films were prepared using a novel bio-based plasticizer, glycerol tritartarate, synthesized using the principles of green chemistry. The influence of the plasticizer, as well as the essential oil amount, on the structural, surface, mechanical, and thermal properties of the blend was investigated. The plasticizer was shown to work as a compatibilizer for two polymers, according to the results of scanning electron microscopy and surface energy analysis. Blends with a greater amount of plasticizer possessed better mechanical properties but showed worse resistance to water. The antimicrobial property of the blend with lemongrass oil was found to be superior to that of the blend without essential oil. The incorporation of lemongrass oil into the polymer blend resulted in one more step longer thermal degradation process. The optimal film properties, biodegradability, cost-effective preparation method, and additional functions made these films suitable for the production of packaging for grapefruit
Chemical profiling and biological activities of Opopanax hispidus extracts: A comparative insight on conventional and green extraction technologies
(Elsevier, 2023-06-23) Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Stupar, Alena; Terzić, Milena; Božunović, Jelena; Gašić, Uroš; Zengin, Gokhan; Yildiztugay, Evren
The plant species Opopanax hispidus is known in traditional Turkish medicine and nutrition. In addition to all the advantages that are known by the traditions of old generations, O. hispidus has been insufficiently examined, and its potential could be used in treatment in modern medicine and diet. In this paper, O. hispidus extracts obtained by conventional (maceration (MAC), and Soxhlet (SOX)) and contemporary (accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), homogenizer assisted extraction (HAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)) methods were examined in terms of their chemical composition and biological potential. The extract obtained by HAE extraction had the highest content of total phenolics and flavonoids (36.98 mg GAE/g and 15.04 mg RE/g, respectively). The highest antioxidant activity was recorded for HAE and ASE extracts. O. hispidus extracts achieved inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (4.12–6.44 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (44.78–76.72 mg KAE/g), α-amylase (0.35–0.46 mmol ACAE/g), and α-glucosidase (1.67–1.77 mmol ACAE/g) enzymes. LC-MS technique was used for the quantitative analysis of the extracts, allowing the quantification of chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid, rutin, luteolin, and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside as the most abundant phenolic components. Results suggested that the green extraction techniques for obtaining extracts that are rich in bioactive compounds have advantages compared to conventional extraction. Therefore, these extracts can be used as antioxidants, neuroprotective, antityrosinase, and antidiabetic agents while respecting the principles of sustainable development and green chemistry.
Communicating Function and Co-Creating Healthy Food: Designing a Functional Food Product Together with Consumers
(MDPI, 2022-03-26) Vrgović, Petar; Pojić, Milica; Teslić, Nemanja; Mandić, Anamarija; Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Pavlić, Branimir; Stupar, Alena; Pestorić, Mladenka; Škrobot, Dubravka; Mišan, Aleksandra
Functional food is lately an interesting topic from the new product development perspective; complex motivation and expectations of consumers regarding it present a challenge when new products are designed. Co-creation is an interesting alternative to the standard practices by the R & D departments since it directly involves consumers in the various stages of the creation process. This work aims to describe experiences of engaging consumers in different development stages of a functional food product within a project realized at a food research institute. Four consecutive studies were conducted: the first study explored current trends in Serbia regarding the way consumers use functional food and are informed about it; the second study described development of a raspberry seeds extract with antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity confirmed in vitro; the third study tested the same extract in a sample of consumers, validating its usability in food products; and the fourth study described a co-creation session with 18 participants, during which a number of activities were realized to stimulate idea generation. Rather than the final product idea itself, this work is valuable because of detailed insights into the various phases of the co-creation process. It is shown that consumers and food researchers can together engage in the new food product development process as long as the communication between them is rich and with mutual understanding.
A comprehensive approach to chitosan-gelatine edible coating with β-cyclodextrin/lemongrass essential oil inclusion complex—Characterization and food application
(Elsevier, 2023-02-15) Erceg, Tamara; Šovljanski, Olja; Stupar, Alena; Ugarković, Jovana; Aćimović, Milica; Pezo, Lato; Tomić, Ana; Todosijević, Marina
Biopolymer-based films present an ideal matrix for the incorporation of active substances such as antimicrobial agents, giving active packaging a framework of green chemistry and a step forward in food packaging technology. The chitosan-gelatine active coating has been prepared using lemongrass oil as an antimicrobial compound applying a different approach. Instead of surfactants, to achieve compatibilization of compounds, β-cyclodextrin was used to encapsulate lemongrass oil. The antimicrobial effect was assessed using the dip-coating method on freshly harvested cherry tomatoes artificially contaminated by Penicillium aurantiogriseum during 20 days of cold storage. According to the evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of coating formulation on cherry tomato samples, which was mathematically assessed by predictive kinetic models and digital imaging, the applied coating formulation was found to be very effective since the development of fungal contamination for active-coated samples was observed for 20 days.
Durum testenina sa sremušem (Allium ursinum L.)
(2022) Šimurina, Olivera; Pojić, Milica; Kojić, Jovana; Krulj, Jelena; Škrobot, Dubravka; Pastor, Kristian; Stupar, Alena
Ekstrakt majčine dušice na bazi eutektičke smeše za osvežavajuća bezalkoholna pića – Wildthymes
(2022-05-20) Pavlić, Branimir; Teslić, Nemanja; Mrkonjić, Živan; Cvetković, Biljana; Pojić, Milica; Stupar, Alena; Mandić, Anamarija; Cvetanović, Aleksandra; Strezorski, Luka; Mišan, Aleksandra
A green strategy to improve the bioavailability of bioactive ingredients of Sambucus ebulus L.: Perspective of using NADES solvents from the environmental point of view
(German Jordanian University, 2022-06) Kljakić Cvetanović, Aleksandra; Pavlić, Branimir; Teslić, Nemanja; Stupar, Alena; Vrgović, Petar; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Mišan, Aleksandra
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) Extraction Improves Polyphenol Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extracts
(MDPI, 2022-02-23) Pavlić, Branimir; Mrkonjić, Živan; Teslić, Nemanja; Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Stupar, Alena; Santos, Filipa; Duarte, Ana Rita C.; Mišan, Aleksandra
Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) herbal dust has been recognized as a potential underutilized resource for the recovery of antioxidants. The aim of this paper was to optimize natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) extraction of polyphenols to obtain improved antioxidant activity of extracts determined by selected in vitro assays (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS). Twenty different NADES systems were investigated in the first step of the screening of the extraction solvent and L-proline (Pro)–glycerine (Gly) based solvents provided the best results. Preliminary experiments organized by 25−1 fractional factorial design narrowed down the number of extraction factors from five (temperature, extraction time, NADES type, water content and L/S ratio) to three and determined their experimental domain for the final step. A face-centered central composite design with temperature (40–55–70 °C), extraction time (60–120–180 min) and L/S ratio (10–20–30 g NADES/g sample) was applied for influence analysis and process optimization. Multi-response optimization suggested a temperature of 65 °C, time of extraction of 180 min and L/S ratio of 28 g NADES/g DW as optimal extraction parameters. Experimental validation confirmed good agreement between experimental and predicted results in the extract obtained at optimal conditions and the interactions in the most suitable NADES (N16; Pro–Gly–H2O; 1:2:1) were confirmed by the 1H-NMR.
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and their Potential Application in Food Industry
(ALBEDO MEETINGS, 2022-08) Teslić, Nemanja; Stupar, Alena; Pavlić, Branimir; Mandić, Anamarija; Pojić, Milica; Mrkonjić, Živan; Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Vrgović, Petar; Mišan, Aleksandra
The food industry faces the challenges of sustainable production due to high negative impact of the food industry on the environment and increasing demand for food products due to rising World population. To tackle such challenges food industry requires development of innovative and eco-friendly solutions to exploit agro-food waste and by-products as natural resources for the next generation of nutraceuticals, functional food products, bioenergy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other high value-added products. These solutions should also be aligned with the principles of “green chemistry”1. One of the potential solutions could be the usage of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) composed only of edible, recyclable, less or nontoxic compounds which are predominantly present in nature1/2/3. More precisely, organic acids, water, sugars, fatty acids, organic salts, amino acids, terpenes, alcohols, and other compounds which are already utilized by the food industry, can be mixed in the appropriate ratio to generate solvents with specific features suitable for a wide range of applications in the food industry3. Since large number of possible NADES combinations can be designed these solvents could be utilized as a medium for chemical reactions (e.g. hydrolysis), extraction medium for natural polar or non-polar compounds (e.g. polyphenols, carotenoids), stabilization medium of extracted compounds etc 1/2/3/4. Due to NADES edible and nontoxic properties obtained extracts are ready-to-use and in certain cases may be applied in food products without additional separation technology which reduces cost of food production. One of the examples is application of NADES to recover polyphenols from food by-products such are raspberry seeds and wild thyme herbal dust and extracts direct incorporation in functional ice tea like beverages 1/2/5.
The perspectives of natural deep eutectic solvents in agri-food sector
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2020-08-13) Mišan, Aleksandra; Nađpal, Jelena; Stupar, Alena; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Verpoorte, Robert; Hae Choi, Young
The principles of “green chemistry” are gaining importance in agri-food sector due to the need to reduce pollution from toxic chemicals, make industrial processes safer and more sustainable, and to offer ‘’clean-labeled products’’ required by the consumers. The application of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) - natural product-based green liquids is considered the promising alternative to conventional organic solvents. This review is intended to summarize and discuss recent advances related to physicochemical properties of NADES, their applications, compatibility with analytic techniques and toxicological profile, pointing out the challenges and necessary improvements for their wider utilization in agri-food sector. NADES allow extraction of wide range of food compounds and they are proven to be convenient for food-related applications. However, their potential for industrial scale-up utilization is not completely investigated. Examined NADES are readily biodegradable, but only preliminary studies on NADES toxicity which include limited number of NADES molecules are available. Apart from fundamental research dealing with NADES formation and the nature of the interactions and structure underpinning the liquid phase formation, the question of purity of NADES obtained by different synthetic methodologies need to be addressed in the future. Data on physicochemical properties of synthetized NADES are still needed as they are relevant for industrial applications.
POLYPHENOLS RECOVERY FROM SAMBUCUS EBULUS L., BY USING NADES SOLVENT
(Institute for Technology and Research (ITRESEARCH), 2022-06) Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Pavlić, Branimir; Teslić, Nemanja; Stupar, Alena; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Mišan, Aleksandra
NADES solvents are the latest generation of ―green‖ solvents. Prepared from exclusively natural components, such as: amino acids, sugars, water, etc. they are completely biodegradable, edible and absolutely harmless to the environment and humans. This is one of the main reason why their application in the extraction of bioactive molecules is extremely interesting. Natural extracts obtained with NADES solvents can be incorporated directly, without any purification, into a number of functional products, e.g.in food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products. In the frame of this study, Sambucus ebulis L. plant was extracted using several NADES solvents. NADES solvents were obtained by mixing different components in different ratios. The obtained extracts were characterized in terms of the content of the main bioactive compounds – polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as the ability to neutralize free DPPH radicals.The obtained data clearly show the potential of natural and harmless solvents to be used in the extraction of medicinal plants and the preparation of natural preparations. The price of obtaining them also justifies their use at the industrial level.
Simultaneous Hydrolysis of Ellagitannins and Extraction of Ellagic Acid from Defatted Raspberry Seeds Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES)
(MDPI, 2022-01-28) Teslić, Nemanja; Santos, Filipa; Stupar, Alena; Pojić, Milica; Mandić, Anamarija; Pavlić, Branimir; Cvetanović Kljakić, Aleksandra; Duarte, Ana Rita C.; Paiva, Alexandre; Mišan, Aleksandra
Defatted raspberry seeds were used as an alternative source of antioxidants and ellagic acid (EA) extracted using Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). In the preliminary study, the best NADES combination (citric acid-betaine) and the most influential variables (temperature, time, and NADES/plant ratio) were selected for the further optimization process. All samples were analyzed in terms of total polyphenol, EA content, and antioxidant activity. Two sets of optimal conditions were generated by response surface methodology. The first set (Opt1) was designed for higher conversion of ellagitannins to EA while the latter set (Opt2) for higher EA content/100 g extract. Opt1 and Opt2 had higher values for all investigated responses compared to 80% ethanolic extract but had a lower conversion rate of ellagitannins to EA compared to acidified methanol extract. The third set of parameters (Opt3) selected beyond the initial experimental domain was used to obtain a sample with the highest EA content/100 g extract. Due to their nature, NADES extracts are ready to use and could have various technological roles in products since they are antioxidants, acidifiers, and colorants. NADES raspberry extracts exhibited higher anti-proliferative activity compared to ethanolic extracts in terms of EC50 values. However, the main contributor of anti-cancer activity in NADES raspberry extracts were individual NADES compounds and/or their newly formed NADES structure.
Sustainable raw materials for efficient valorization and recovery of bioactive compounds
(Elsevier, 2023-03) Pavlić, Branimir; Aćimović, Milica; Sknepnek, Aleksandra; Miletić, Dunja; Mrkonjić, Živan; Kljakić Cvetanović, Aleksandra; Jerković, Jelena; Mišan, Aleksandra; Pojić, Milica; Stupar, Alena; Zeković, Zoran; Teslić, Nemanja
Traditionally used natural resources such as medicinal and aromatic plants are not fully valorized by modern industry which is followed by huge amount of agricultural waste, by-products and co-products. These streams could be a remarkable source of a wide range of bioactive compounds (BACs) (e.g. polyphenols, carotenoids, etc.), however, novel technological procedures for their isolation should be established. Therefore, valorization of under-utilized medicinal plants (medicinal plants from Serbia), food industry by-products (cakes obtained from oilseeds and herbal dust) and agricultural waste as raw material for recovery of BACs with high potential for utilization in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food sector is in the great focus of investigation in last decade. The aim of this review was to highlight the recent research focused on the valorization of selected side streams and the posibilites of their utilization in isolation of various BACs. Special emphasis was put on challenges, limitations and opportunities associated with the extraction of BACs and further addition of novel extracts in the final products. Present data could be used as a guidelines for further utilization of novel raw materials in production of BACs based on their avalibility, sustainability, chemical profile and bioactive potential.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels and Investigation the Properties of Bilayered Design with Incorporated Alginate Beads
(Springer Nature, 2022-05-16) Erceg, Tamara; Brakus, Gaja; Stupar, Alena; Cvetinov, Miroslav; Hadnađev, Miroslav; Ristić, Ivan
The paper presents the synthesis of hydrogels via free-radical polymerization, based on Chitosan (CS) grafted with Acrylic acid (AA), using a two-step procedure. Free-radical polymerization has given strong hydrogels with compact structure, dominant elastic behavior, and long linear viscoelastic region. The results of rheological studies have shown that obtained hydrogels have significantly improved mechanical properties in comparison to chitosan hydrogels obtained by other sustainable methods. A step forward in the investigation of the potential application of chitosan hydrogels in wound dressing systems has been made by preparation of the bilayer design by embedding a layer of active compound-loaded alginate beads into the contact surface between two conjoined units of CS/AA hydrogels. Wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) dried extract was used as an active compound because of its antimicrobial activity and green properties. This system has demonstrated pH-dependent release of extract and higher shear elastic modulus values than ordinary disc gels. A conducted study has given preliminary results for the possible application of bilayer chitosan-based hydrogels in wound dressing systems and represents the first step towards extrapolating the proposed design across other application fields.
Textural properties of wild pasta supplemented with garlic
(2022) Kojić, Jovana; Šimurina, Olivera; Pojić, Milica; Krulj, Jelena; Škrobot, Dubravka; Stupar, Alena; Filipčev, Bojana
Pasta is a widely consumed cereal-based product all over the world. Pasta products are very popular due to their nutritional compositions, long shelf life, and availability in the market, low cost, simplicity of preparation, and transportation. In line with sustainable production and food strategies for the future, it is recommended that produce enrich pasta with nutritionally valuable compounds based on economically affordable raw materials. Recently, wild edible plants have been used significantly due to high content of bioactive compounds that are beneficial to health. One of such plants is wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) that is a wild edible, spicy plant, very similar to garlic, ideal for removing toxic substances that are stored in the body, and for antiseptic and antimicrobial action. The results present textural characteristics of pasta supplemented with wild garlic powder (5, 7, 9% on d.w.), extract (20, 30, 40% on d.w.) and encapsulate (3, 5 and 7% on d.w.). In comparison to the control (95.45N), significant increase of hardness was reached in case of supplementation with moderate (125.50N) and high levels of wild garlic powder (119.08N) and high levels of extract (117.08N). In contrast, lower and mid levels of encapsulated garlic decreased pasta hardness (78.43N and 81.66N respectively), which may be due to the presence of maltodextrin as a carrier in encapsulate matrix. It was observed significant increase of adhesiveness in pasta supplemented with powdered wild garlic at all levels as well as for high supplementation levels of encapsulated and extracted wild garlic.

Browsing by Author "Stupar, Alena"

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