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Betaine as a Functional Ingredient: Metabolism, Health-Promoting Attributes, Food Sources, Applications and Analysis Methods

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dc.contributor.author Dobrijević, Dejan
dc.contributor.author Pastor, Kristian
dc.contributor.author Nastić, Nataša
dc.contributor.author Özogul, Fatih
dc.contributor.author Krulj, Jelena
dc.contributor.author Kokić, Bojana
dc.contributor.author Bartkiene, Elena
dc.contributor.author Rocha, João Miguel
dc.contributor.author Kojić, Jovana
dc.date.accessioned 2023-07-18T07:27:15Z
dc.date.available 2023-07-18T07:27:15Z
dc.date.issued 2023-06-17
dc.identifier.citation Dobrijević, D.; Pastor, K.; Nastić, N.; Özogul, F.; Krulj, J.; Kokić, B.; Bartkiene, E.; Rocha, J.M.; Kojić, J. Betaine as a Functional Ingredient: Metabolism, Health-Promoting Attributes, Food Sources, Applications and Analysis Methods. Molecules 2023, 28, 4824. https:// doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124824 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 1420-3049
dc.identifier.uri http://oa.fins.uns.ac.rs/handle/123456789/321
dc.description.abstract Betaine is a non-essential amino acid with proven functional properties and underutilized potential. The most common dietary sources of betaine are beets, spinach, and whole grains. Whole grains—such as quinoa, wheat and oat brans, brown rice, barley, etc.—are generally considered rich sources of betaine. This valuable compound has gained popularity as an ingredient in novel and functional foods due to the demonstrated health benefits that it may provide. This review study will provide an overview of the various natural sources of betaine, including different types of food products, and explore the potential of betaine as an innovative functional ingredient. It will thoroughly discuss its metabolic pathways and physiology, disease-preventing and healthpromoting properties, and further highlight the extraction procedures and detection methods in different matrices. In addition, gaps in the existing scientific literature will be emphasized. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship This study is based upon the work of the COST Action 18101 SOURDOMICS—Sourdough Biotechnology Network towards novel, healthier, and sustainable food and bioprocesses (https://sourdomics.com/; https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA18101/, accessed on 15 May 2023), where João Miguel Rocha is the Chair and Grant Holder Scientific Representative, Elena Bartkiene is the Vice-Chair and Working Group 6 (WG6) leader, Fatih Özogul is the WG8 leader, and Kristian Pastor is the WG4 leader. SOURDOMICS is supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) (https://www.cost.eu/, accessed on 25 May 2023), which helps connect research initiatives across Europe and enables scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers—thus boosting their research, career, and innovation. Furthermore, the authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (Program no. 451-03-47/2023-01/200222 and 451-03-47/2023-01/200134). Finally, the author J.M.R. also acknowledges the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal, as well as the support made by LA/P/0045/2020 (ALiCE) and UIDB/00511/2020-UIDP/00511/2020 (LEPABE) funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher MDPI en_US
dc.relation info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MESTD/inst-2020/200222/RS// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MESTD/inst-2020/200134/RS//
dc.rights openAccess
dc.subject betaine en_US
dc.subject metabolic pathways en_US
dc.subject disease prevention en_US
dc.subject food sources en_US
dc.subject functional applications en_US
dc.subject extraction en_US
dc.subject detection en_US
dc.title Betaine as a Functional Ingredient: Metabolism, Health-Promoting Attributes, Food Sources, Applications and Analysis Methods en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article en_US
dc.identifier.scopus 2-s2.0-85164010746
dc.identifier.wos 001017471600001
dc.identifier.doi 10.3390/molecules28124824


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